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Bruselský pavilon v parku kultury a oddechu Julia Fučíka
Czech and Slovak stage deaigners have prepared the Czechoslovak exposition as their creative contribution to the state-wide celebrations of the 30th anniversary of the liberation of Czechoslovakia by the Soviet Army. May 1945 laid the foundations for Czechoslovak socialist theatrical art, within the framework of which Czech and Slovak stage designers have been able to find their rich creative assertion and the opportunities for the full development of their talents. The present exposition aims at showing the manner in which they have contributed to the present level of the Czechoslovak theatre, while at the same time joining the appeal made by the Czechoslovak Committee of the Union of Dramatic Artists and demonstrating, that they are prepared to fulfil the new demanding tasks which the XVth Congress of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia
will place before Czechoslovak art.
The Czechoslovak exposition at the Prague Quadrennial only superficially seems to be in the nature of a review. The very manner in which it is organised, i.e. a sector devoted to the work of National Artista Josef Svoboda and Ladislav Vychodil, a sector devoted to laureates of the prague Quadrennial and finally the competition sector, which includes a selection of eontemporary stage design, indicates that its aim and purpose is to be an internal confrontation in the sense of an indispensable impuls for further creative activity. On the one hand we have the mature work of Josef Svoboda, Ladislav Vychodil and laurates Vladimír Nývlt, Ludmila Purkyňová, Oldřich Simáček and Helena Bezáková, whose work has been proven both at home and abroad, who have already achieved the culminating point of their development and who thus, rather then experiment or seek new forms, are aiming at making their artistic views and the relevant forms of their art more precise. The competition sector represents their opposite, since it includes mostly the work of the youngest, debuting generation of stage designers. This clear cut distinction, as far as generations are concerned, is manifest among stage designers, as well as stage directors and playwrights, above all in the problem concerning the relationship between a work of art and reality. This is a fundamental question, which always and again appears in the repertoiry of art.lt carries with it the necessity of seeking new modes of expression, new forms capable of fully communicating ideas, and their new context. And of course errors are also, of necessity a part of this trend,
which manifests the very existance of art as a sociál phenomenon; without errors no experiments can take place. In all the work presented by Czech and Slovak artists the endeavour is evident not to accept mere descriptivness, mere provision of information concerning the environment in which the dramatic action is taking place, but to attempt to interpret relations between the persons in the play and their environment, and the transformation of these relations in such a manner, that they become the framework upon which ideas are developed. The center of interest of stage designers is
not focused merely on stage sets as such, but upon the new, future man - and in this they find full support among eostume designers who, especially in the light of the present exposition, might be termed as seeking the image of man. Perhaps it is at this point that Czechoslovak stage and costume design is a part of world-wide trends.
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author: R. Wagner, Covent Garden London 1974, d. G. Friedrich
Grand Théatre Geneve 1975, . J. C. Riber
author: R. Wagner, Covent Garden London 1974, . G. Friedrich
Grand Théatre Geneve 1975, d. J. C. Riber
author: R. Wagner, Covent Garden London 1975, d. G. Friedrich
author: J. Cikker, Slovenské národné divadlo Bratislava 1973, d. B. Kriška
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Valdštejn Palace Riding School
author: G. Rossini, Národní divadlo Praha 1975, d. L. Štros
author: B. Jonson, Divadlo E. F. Buriana Praha 1975, d. J. Kačer
author: M. Bontempelli, Schouwbourg Arnhem Holandsko 1971, d. J. Grossman
author: H. Ibsen, Divadlo E. F. Buriana Praha 1971, d. J. Mixa
Jihočeské divadlo České Budějovice - Český Krumlov 1973, d. O. Haas
author: V. Trapl, Divadlo E. F. Buriana Praha 1972, d. E. Sokolovský
author: A. P. Čechov, Josefstadttheater Wien 1973, d. J. Grossman
author: B. Martinů, Národní divadlo Praha 1974, d. L. Štros
author: W. Shakespeare, Divadlo E. F. Buriana Praha 1974, d. E. Sokolovský
author: W. Shakespeare, Divadlo E. F. Buriana Praha 1973, d. E. Sokolovský
author: P. I. Čajkovskij, Slovenské národné divadlo Bratislava 1972, d. M. Fischer
author: E. O. Neill: Slovenské národné divadlo Bratislava1975, d. J. Budský
author: Č. Ajtmatov, Slovenské národné divadlo Bratislava 1975, d. T. Rakovský
author: R. Wagner, Národní divadlo Praha 1972, . L. Štros
author: M. Karminskij, Národní divadlo Praha 1973, . J. I. Kušakov
author: R. Schumann, Národní divadlo Praha 1973, d. J. Blažek
author: A. P. Borodin, Koninklijke Vlaamse Oper Antwerpen 1972, d. W. Eichner
author: G. Verdi, Národní divadlo Praha 1973, . L. Štros
author: A. Dvořák, Koninklijke Vlaamse Oper Antwerpen 1973, d. K. Jernek
author: G. Puccini, Koninklijke Vlaamse Oper Antwerpen 1974, d. W. Eichner
author: I. Örkény, Národní divadlo Praha 1974, d. G. Székely
author: M. P. Musorgskij, Národní divadlo Praha 1974, . J. I. Kušakov
author: F. Šrámek, Národní divadlo Praha 1975, d. J. Pleskot
author: C. Monteverdi, Divadlo Oldřicha Stibora Olomouc 1973, . J. Glogar
author: A. P. Čechov, Divadlo S. K. Neumanna Praha 1974, d. O. Krejča
author: J. Cikker, Slovenské národné divadlo Bratislava 1973, . B. Kriška
author: P. Corneille, Slovenského národného divadla Bratislava 1972, d. P. Haspra
author: G. Verdi, Divadlo O. Stibora Olomouc 1972, . J. Glogar
author: J. G. Tajovský, Divadlo J. G. Tajovského Zvolen 1972, d. P. Jezný
author: G. Weisenborn, Divadlo F. X. Šaldy Liberec 1975, d. M. Vobruba
author: Moliére-B. Brecht, Divadlo F. X. Šaldy liberec 1972, d. M. Vobruba
author: B. Martinů, Jihočeské divadlo České Budějovice-Český Krumlov 1975, . J. Ryšavý
author: A. Cholminov, Jihočeské divadlo České Budějovice 1973, d. M. Friedrich
author: P. I. Čajkovskij, Národní divadlo Praha 1973, d. I. Hylas
author: B. Smetana, Národní divadlo Praha 1972, d. K. Jernek
author: F. M. Dostojevskij, Národní divadlo Praha 1971, d. M. Stehlík
author: W. A. Mozart, Národní divadlo Praha 1971, d. B. Zoul
author: O. Jeremiáš, Národní divadlo Praha 1973, d. H. Thein
author: J. Vogel, Státní divadlo Ostrava 1974, d. I. Hylas
author: N. Rimskij- Korsakov, Divadlo J. K. Tyla Plzeň 1972, d. I. Švandová
author: L. Pipkov, Státní divadlo Ostrava 1975, . I. Hylas
author: S. Prokofjev, Státní divadlo Ostrava 1973, d. I. Hylas
author: M. Gorkij, Divadlo J. Záborského Prešov 1972, . D. Karas
author: I. Stodola, Divadlo Slovenského národného povstania Martin 1974, d. L. Vajdička
author: J. Patrick, Divadlo pracujících Gottwaldov 1974, d. S. Skopal
author: P. Scherhaufer, Divadlo na provázku Brno 1972, . P. Scherhaufer
author: A. Vampilov, Divadlo Na provázku Brno, 1973, . P. Scherhaufer
author: anonym, Divadelní soubor Půchov 1973, . B. Michalský
author: l. Janáček, Vaassa Finsko 1974, . I. Hylas
author: O. Daněk, Krajské divadlo Kolín 1973, . j. Schmidt
author: A. Gladkov, Krajské divadlo Kolín 1975, d. M. Lorencová
author: T. Dekker, Východočeské divadlo Pardubice1973, . P. Vosáhlo
author: L. N. Tolstoj, Východočeské divadlo Pardubice 1973, d. Z. Bittl
author: b. Smetana, Slezské divadlo Zdeňka Nejedlého Opava 1974, . J. Měřínský
author: P. I. Čajkovskij, Slezské divadlo Zdeňka Nejedlého Opava 1975, d. J. Měřínský
author: F. Kožík, Slezské divadlo Zdeňka Nejedlého Opava 1957, d. S. Holub
author: G. Rossini, Slezské divadlo Zdeňka Nejedlého Opava 1974, d. J. Měřínský
author: M. Goleminov, Slezské divadlo Zdeňka Nejedlého Opava 1974, . F. Vychodil
author: André Gille, Divadlo O. Stibora Olomouc 1975, d. J. Fréhar
author: J. N. Nestroy, Činoherní studio Ústí nad Labem 1974, d. A. Hajda
author: J. Anouilh, Východočeské divadlo Pardubice 1975, d. P. Vosáhlo
author: G. Flaubert-M. Calábek, Divadlo P. Bezruče ostrava 1972, d. P. Hradil
author: P. de Beaumarchais, Divadlo Na zábradlí Praha 1972, d. J. Herz
author: Moliére - B. Brecht, Elbe-Elster-Theater-Wittenberg-Lutherstadt, 1974, d. J. Chundela
author: B. Brecht - E. F. Burian, Divadlo E. F. Buriana 1975, d. E. Sokolovský
author: G. de Maupassant- F. Hochwälder, Divadlo Vitězslava Nezvala Karlovy Vary 1974, d. I. Rajmont
author: V. Mikeš, Divadlo F. X. Šaldy Liberec 1973, d. J. Král
author: G. Feydeau, Divadlo F. X. Šaldy Liberec 1974, d. M. Vobruba
author: Moliére, Štátne divadlo Košice 1975, . P. Opálený
author: B. Brecht, Štátné divadlo Košice 1975, d. V. Petruška
author: I. Bukovčan, Štátne divadlo Košice 1973, d. P. Opálený
author: Lope de Vega, Štátne divadlo Košice 1974, d. P. Opálený
author: E. Suchoň, Štátne divadlo Košice 1975, d. D. Bargárová
author: I. Stodola, Štátne divadlo Košice 1972, d. J. Ondrejka
author: B. Jonson, Divadlo Na zábradlí Praha 1972, d. J. Menzel
author: N. V. Gogol, Západočeské divadlo Cheb 1974, . V. Beránek
author: W. Shakespeare, Disk Praha 1971
author: V. Trojan, K. Plicka, L. Hynková, Státní soubor písní a tanců Praha 1974, d. L. Hynková
author: L. Leonov, Štátne divadlo Košice 1972, . V. Petruška
author: F. M. Dostojevskij, Divadlo Slovenského národného povstania Martin 1975, d. L. Vajdička
author: C. Goldoni, Divadlo Jonáša Záborského Prešov 1975, d. A. Majerčík
author: A. Scibor - Rilski, Divadlo J. G. Tajovského Zvolen 1971, d. J. Chundela
author: J. Chalupka, Štátne divadlo Košice 1972, d. J. Ondrejka
author: J. Anouilh, Divadlo pracujících Gottwaldov 1973, . S. Skopal
author: V. K. Klicpera, Divadlo pracujících Gottwaldov 1973, d. A. Hajda
author: J. Benda, Státní divadlo v Brně 1974, d. E. Bezděková
author: W. Shakespeare, Divadlo pracujících Gottwaldov 1975, . A. Hajda
author: A. N. Ostrovskij, Burgtheater Wien 1971, . J. Dudek
author: A. Štejn, Divadlo na Vinohradech Praha 1974, . J. Strejček
author: J. Tal, Staatsoper Hamburg 1971, d. L. Lindtberg
author: V. K. Klicpera, Realistické divadlo Z. Nejedlého, Praha 1974, . L. Pistorius
author: R. Bolt, Divadlo na Vinohradech Praha 1974, d. J. Dudek
author: N. V. Gogol, Národní divadlo Praha 1975, . V. Hudeček
author: K. Čapek, Divadlo na Vinohradech Praha 1974, d. S. Remunda
author: H. Berlioz, Grand Théatre Geneve 1975, d. J.-C. Riber
author: W. Shakespeare, Národní divadlo Praha 1976, d. G. P. Ansimov
author: J. Srnec, Černé divadlo Praha 1975, d. J. Srnec
author: G. Bruno, Divadlo F. X. Šaldy Liberec 1971, . K. Kříž
author: R. Jeffers, Divadlo F. X. Šaldy Liberec 1974, d. M. Vobruba
author: C. Gozzi, Divadlo F. X. Šaldy Liberec 1974, . K. Kříž
author: V. Páral, Divadlo F. X. Šaldy Liberec 1975, d. M. Horanský
author: I. Olbracht, Divadlo F. X. Šaldy, Liberec 1973, . K. Kříž
author: M. Goleminov, Slezské divadlo Z. Nejedlého Opava 1974, . F. Vychodil
author: G. Preissová, Státní divadlo Brno 1974, d. Z. Kaloč
author: V. K. Klicpera, Státní divadlo Ostrava 1974, d. B. Jansa
author: P. I. Čajkovskij, Státní divadlo Ostrava 1974, d. A. Janíček
author: M. Gorkij, Divadlo pracujících Gottwaldov 1972, . Z. Kaloč
author: Moliére, Divadlo J. Wolkera Praha 1974, d. K. Texel
author: A. Tolstoj, Divadlo J. Wolkera Praha 1974, d. V. Tomšovský
author: V. Tomšovský, Divadlo J. Wolkera Praha 1973, d. V. Tomšovský
author: J. Burjakovskij, Julius Fučík, Krajové divadlo Nitra 1972, . O. Rajniak
author: J. Solovič, Krajové divadlo Nitra 1972, . O. Rajniak
author: D. T. Lenskij, Nová scéna Bratislava 1971, d. K. Spišák
author: J. G. Tajovský, Divadlo bratří Mrštíků Brno 1974, . P. Rímský
author: H. Ch. Andersen, Divadlo Slovenského národného povstania Martin 1975, d. L. Vajdička
author: F. M. Dostojevskij, Divadlo pracujících Gottwaldov 1973, . Z. Kaloč
author: R. Queneau, Studio Herman Teirinck Antwerpen 1974, . F. Štěpánek
author: O. Taktakišvili, Divadlo O. Stibora Olomouc 1975, d. J. Glogar
author: M. Bajdžijev, Divadlo Oldřicha Stibora Olomouc 1972, d. J. Fréhar
author: A. Arbuzov, Divadlo Oldřicha Stibora Olomouc 1972, . J. Fréhar
author: V. J. Šebalin, Divadlo Oldřicha Stibora Olomouc 1971, d. E. F. Vokálek
author: M. P. Musorgskij, Štátne divadlo Košice 1975, . F. Preisler
author: Marchner, Slezské divadlo Z. Nejedlého Opava 1975, d. J. Novák
author: E. Bond, ASP Warszawa 1974, d. J. Szajna
author: Moliére, Národní divadlo Praha 1973, . M. Macháček
author: J. Drda, Národní divadlo Praha 1976, d. V. Hudeček
author: V. K. Klicpera, Národní divadlo Praha 1972, d. V. Hudeček
Laterna magika Praha 1975, d. E. Schorm
author: A. P. Čechov, Činoherní klub Praha 1975, d. J. Kačer
author: A. P. Čechov, Národní divadlo Praha 1974, . J. Kačer
author: L. Janáček, Státní divadlo Ostrava 1974, . I. Hylas
author: A. V. Suchovo-Kobylin, Divadlo Petra Bezruče Ostrava 1972, . A. Müller
author: J. K. Tyl, Národní divadlo Praha 1974, d. J. Kačer
author: W. Shakespeare, Divadlo J. K. Tyla Plzeň 1970, d. O. Ševčík
author: M. Novák, Slovenské národné divadlo Bratislava 1974, d. J. Guoth
author: W. Shakespeare, Slovenské národné divadlo Bratislava 1974, . P. Haspra
author: O. Zahradník, Malá scéna Slovenského národného divadla Bratislava 1973, . P. Haspra
author: F. Crommelynck, Malá scéna Slovenského národného divadla Bratislava 1972, d. P. Haspra
author: Š. Králik, Slovenské národné divadlo Bratislava 1973, d. P. Haspra
author: G. Farquhar, Malá scéna Slovenského národného divadla Bratislava 1973, . P. Mikulík
author: F. Molnár, Divadlo S. K. Neumanna Praha 1974, . K. Pokorný
author: M. Gorkij, Divadlo Jaroslava Průchy Kladno 1972, . P. Špirk
author: B. Vasiljev, Divadlo Jaroslava Průchy Kladno 1974, . P. Špirk
author: W. Gluck, Státní divadlo Brno 1972, . O. Linhart
author: L. Janáček, Státní divadlo Brno 1972, . V. Věžník
author: M. Gorkij, Štátne divadlo Košice 1973, . V. Petruška
author: N. V. Gogol, Štátne divadlo Košice 1974, . V. Petruška
autor: B. Smetana, Státní divadlo Ostrava 1975, . I. Hylas
author: Delibes, Státní divadlo Ostrava 1973, . A. Janíček
author: P. I. Čajkovskij, Státní divadlo Ostrava 1974, . A. Janíček
author: V. Martínek, Státní divadlo Ostrava 1975, d. B. Jansa
author: D. Šostakovič, Státní divadlo Ostrava 1972, . I. Hylas
author: E. O'neill, Státní divadlo Ostrava 1976, . R. Koval
author: K. Odstrčil, Státní divadlo Brno 1975, d. J. Němeček
author: M. Gorkij, Slovácké divadlo Uherské Hradiště 1972, d. M. Hynšt
author: K. Čapek, Slovácké divadlo Uherské Hradiště 1973, d. M. Hynšt
author: A. P. Borodin, Státní divadlo Brno 1973, d. L. Ogoun
author: V. Višněvskij, Oblastné divadlo Nitra 1971, . M. Hynšt
author: L. Leonov, Nová scéna Bratislava 1975, d. V. Strnisko
author: J. G. Tajovský, Divadlo bratří Mrštíků Brno 1974, d. P. Rímský
author: J. Kákoš, Nová scéna Bratislava 1974, . M. Pietor
author: A. Fredro, Studio Novej scény Bratislava 1975, d. O. Katuša
author: A. P. Čechov, Nová scéna Bratislava 1972, d. M. Pietor
author: W. Shakespeare, Nová scéna Bratislava 1973, d. M. Pietor
author: H. Ibsen, Nová scéna Bratislava 1975, . M. Pietor
author: M. Novák, Slovenské národné divadlo Bratislava 1974, d. Guoth
author: M. de Cervantes, Poetická scéna Bratislava 1974, d. M. Gogálová
author: W. Shakespeare, Městská divadla pražská Praha 1972, . O. Ornest
author: G. Rossini, národní divadlo Praha 1975, . L. Štros
author: R. Jeffers, Městská divadla Pražská Praha 1973, d. K. Svoboda
author: J. Mahen, Městská divadla pražská Praha 1971, . P. Rímský
author: P. Burkhard, Městská divadla Pražská Praha 1974, d. N. Snítil
author: M. Horníček, Městská divadla pražská Praha 1973, d. J. Roháč
author: R. Jeffers, Městská divadla pražská Praha 1973, d. K. Svoboda
author: F. Molnár, Divadlo Vítězného února Hradec Králové 1971, d. M. Vildman
author: A. Berg, Státní divadlo Brno 1972, . M. Pásek
author: D. Šostakovič, Státní divadlo Brno 1973, d. M. Pásek
author: T. Déry, Divadlo Vítězného února Hradec Králové 1975, d. M. Vildman
author: J. Marx, Théátre des Jeunes de la Ville de Bruxelles, Brussels, 1975, director: Marcel Cornélis
author: I. Stravinskij, T.R.M. 1974, d. Io Dua
author: C. Orff, T.R.M., Brussels, 1974, d. Io Dua
author: J. Haydn, T.R.M. , Brussels, 1975, d. Rhoda Levine
author: W. Shakespeare, K. V. S. 1972, d. Senne Rouffaer
author: W. Shakespeare, Theatre Royal du Parc Bruxelles 1972, d. Maurice Veneau
author: L. Pirandello, Rideau de Bruxelles 1974, . Julien Bertheau
author: I. S. Turgeněv, Theatre Royal du Parc Bruxelles 1974, d. Julien Bertheau
author: B. Brecht, Theatre Royal du Parc Bruxelles 1973, d. Io Dua
author: L. Deboer, Mecanique a Paris, 1973, director: Albert-André Lheureux
author: W. Shakespeare, Theatre National de Bruxelles, . Frank Dunlop 1974
author: J. Goldman, Théátre Royal du Parc, Brussels, 1972, r. Io Dua
author: P. Shaffer, Théatre National, Brussels, 1975
author: P. Nichols, Théatre National, Brussels, 1972, d. Jacques Huisman
author: G. Greene, Théatre Royal du Parc, Brussels, 1972, d. Jean Nergal
author: F. Crommelynck, Théátre du Parc, Brussels, 1973, . Io Dua
author: U. Plenzdorf, Théátre National de Belgique, Brussels, 1975, d. Jacques Huisman
author: B. Brecht, Théátre de Poche, Brussels, 1974, d. Derek Goldby
autor: F. Baal, Theatre Laboratoire Vicinal, Brussels, 1974, director: Anna West
author: B. Smetana, Opera de Wallonie, Liege, 1972, d. R. Rossins
author: J. Offenbach, Centre Lyrique de Wallonie, Liege, 1976, d. P. Glover
author: Adamov, Centre Dramatique de Liege, Liege, 1973, d. A. Steiger
author: K. Milloecker, Opera de Wallonie, 1971, d. G. Fontaniére
author: K. Čapek, Deržaven Dramatičen teatr Salza i smiah, Sofia, 1975, d. Nikolaj Kolev
author: G. Yerov, Dramatičen teatr N.J. Vapcarov, Blagoevgrad, 1973, . Nikola Petkov
author: N. Dragova-P. Stefanov, Dramatičen teatr G. Kirkov, Pleven, 1974, director: Dimitar Stojanov
author: K. Čapek, Dramatičen teatr K. Kisimov, Veliko Tarnovo, 1973, . Simeon Šivačev
author: K. Iliev, Dramatičen teatr K. Veličkov, Pazardzik, 1973, d. Ivan Raev
author: N. Chajtov, Kuklen teatr, Stara Zagora, 1972
author: A. S. Puškin, Kuklen teatr, Stara Zagora, 1972
author: R. Moskova, Kuklen teatr Stara Zagora 1972
Dramatičen teatr Gabrovo 1973, d. C. Cvetkov
author: B. Bartók, Nacionalna opera Sofia 1974, s. Asene Gavrilov
author, S. Cahev, Dramatičen teatr Michajlovgrad, Michajlovgrad, 1972, d. nár. umělec, Artiste national national artist Ivan Kodov
author: P. Yavorov, Dramatičen teatr, 1974, d. Dimitar Gočev
author: J. Radičkov, Dramatičen teatr Sava Ognjanov , Ruse, 1974, director: Petar Aleksandrov
author: K. Zidarov, Dramatičen teatr Sava Ognjanov ruse 1974, . Petar Aleksandrov
author: P. Zindel, Teatr 199, Sofia, 1974, director: Svetla Pejčeva
author: P. Stefanov, Dramatičen teatr Georgi Kirkov, Pleven, 1973, . Dimitar Stojanov
author: V. Neškov, Dramatičen teatr , Kardzhali, 1974, director: K. Kamenov
author: B. Aprilov, Dramatičen teatr Pernik, Pernik, 1975, d. Leontina Arditi
author: R. Ignatov, Stadttheater Leipzig, Leipzig, 1974, . Krastju Mirski
author: Lemaitre, Deržaven dramatičen teatr Salza i smiah, Sofia, 1972, d. C. Cvetkov
author: H. de Balzac, Dramatičen teatr, Jambol, 1973, d. Nikolaj Ljuckanov
author: A. Lonchev, Dramatičen teatr Krum Kjuljakov, Kyustendil, 1975, . Dimitar Dobrilov
author: M. Ankilov, Dramatičen teatr Krum Kjuljakov, Michajlovgrad, 1975, d. Viktor Todorov
author: G. Karaslavov, Dramatičen teatr Krum Kjuljakov, Kardzhali, 1973, . K. Kamenov
author: G. Verdi, Nacionalna opera Sofia 1975, d. Petar Štarbanov
author: R. Schneider, Televizionen teatr, Sofia, 1974, director: Blagoj Stratev
Televizionen teatr Sofia 1975, d. Blagoj Stratev
author: A. Tatarski, Dramatičen teatr V. Drumev, Sumen, 1974, d. Duško Dobrev
author: N. Fol, Teatr na transporta, Sofia, 1972, . Nikolaj Dunov
author: B. Brecht, Dramatičen teatr N.O. Massalitinov, Plovdiv, 1973
author: B. Aprilov, Dramatičen teatr, Pernik, 1975, d. Leontina Arditi
author: J. Offenbach, Deržaven muzikalen teatr Stefan Makedonski , Sofia, 1974
Dramatičen teatr, Kardzhali, 1975, ch. Teodorina Stojčeva
author: P.A.C. de Beaumarchais, Dramatičen teatr Krum Kjuljakov, Kyustendil, 1973
author: F. Schiller, Dramatičen teatr Apostol Karamitev, Dimitrovgrad d. Rusi Karabašev
author: I. Vazov, Dramatičen teatr, Gabrovo, 1972, d. A. Rankov
author: I. Bukovčan, Dramatičen teatr, Gabrovo, 1973, . K. Spasov
author: A. Miller, Dramatičen teatr, Gabrovo, 1974, d. Binks Charalampjeva
author: V. Rozov, Dramatičen teatr, Gabrovo, 1975, d. Binka Charalampjeva
author: I. Vazov, Dramatičen teatr, Gabrovo, 1975, d. Kamen Kostov
author: R. Moskova, Naroden teatr na mladešta, Sofia, d. Gertruda Lukanova
author: N. Yordanov, Naroden teatr na mladešta, Sofia, . Mladen Kiselov
author: J. Yovkov, Dramatičen teatr G. Kirkov, Pleven, 1973, . R. Čakarov
author: Ch. Christov, Dramatičen teatr, Lovec, 1973, . Redžeb Sadakov
author: A. Dončev, Elica Manol Venecianeca Sulejman aga Hajdutin Gulfie, Teatr na Narodnata armia Sofia 1973, d. Asen Šopov
author: M. Gorkij, Nacionalen teatr Ivan Vazov, Sofia, 1975, director: F. Filipov
author: G. Puccini, Čo-čo-san Suzuki, mother, Plovdivska Opera 1973, d. Evgeni Nemirov
author: I. Vazov, Dramatičen teatr A. Strašimirov, Razgrad, 1975, director: Atanas Michajlov
author: F. García Lorca, Učeben teatr Krastjo Sarafov, Sofia, 1972, d. artiste émerite Neičo Popov
author: V. Vishnevskiy, Dramatičen teatr Sava Dobroplodni, Silistra, 1972, d. G. Kalimerov
author: S. Dobroplodni, Dramatičen teatr Sava Dobroplodni, Silistra, 1973, . G. Kalimerov
author: K. Zidarov, Dramatičen teatr Sava Dobroplodni, Silistra, 1974, d. G. Kalimerov
author: V. Neshkov, Dramatičen teatr Sava Dobroplodni, Silistra, 1973, d. Lubomir Dekovski
author: D. Dimov, Dramatičen teatr N.J.Vapcarov, Blagoevgrad, 1973, . Krasimir Spasov
author: K. Iliev, Dramatičen teatr N.J.Vapcarov, Blagoevgrad, 1974, d. Luben Grojs
I. Vazov, Dramatičen teatr N.J.Vapcarov, Blagoevgrad, 1974, d. Andrej Kaludov
author: W. Shakespeare, Dramatičen teatr N. J. Vapcarov Blagoevgrad 1973, d. Luben Grojs
author: H. Ibsen, Dramatičen teatr N. O. Massalitinov Plovdiv 1974, d. Luben Grojs
author: W. Shakespeare, Dramatičen teatr N.O. Massalitinov, Plovdiv, 1975, director: Luben Grojs
author: A. Strašimirov, Dramatičen teatr N. O. Massalitinov Plovdiv 1973, d. Luben Grojs
author: J. Radičkov, Dramatičen teatr St. Bačvarov, 1974, director: Stančo Stančev
author: K. Georgiev, Dramatičen teatr St. Bačvarov Varna 1972, d. Petar Zlatev
author: S. Statkov, Teatr 199, Sofia 1972, d. Lena Čenčeva
author: G. Mišev, Deržaven satiričen teatr, Sofia, 1972, director: Griša Ostrovskij
author: S. L. Kostov, Dramatičen teatr Vraca 1971, d. Georgi Popov
author: N. Machiavelli, College Theatre London, London, 1971, director: Krastju Mirski
author: F. M. Dostojevskij, Dramatičen teatr Sava Ognjanov, Ruse, 1974, director: Krasimir Spasov
author: G. Gorin, Televizionen teatr, 1974, d. Pavel Pavlov
author: V. Dakovska, Dramatičen teatr Ivan Dimov, Haskovo, 1975, d. Liljana Todorova
author: S. Zanev, Dramatičen teatr Adriana Budevska, Burgas, 1973, d. K. Dojnov
author: W. Shakespeare, Deržaven dramatičen teatr Salza i smiah, Sofia, 1974, director: Nadežda Sejkova
author: V. Petrov, Kuklen teatr, Targovište
Deržaven kuklen teatr, Sumen, 1974, . Štefka Bazakova
author: H. Quintero, Dramatičen teatr Stojan Bačvarov, Varna, d. Konstantin Kamenov
author: W. Shakespeare, Teatr na narodnata armija, Sofia, 1975, d. Leon Daniel
author: N. Yordanov, Dramatičen teatr Jordan Jovkov, Tolbuchin, 1974, d. Lena Vičeva
author: O. Daněk, Dramatičen teatr Georgi Kostov, Sliven, 1975, d. Juri Statkov
author: J. Broszkiewicz, Nacionalen teatr Ivan Vazov Sofia 1971, d. Enčo Chalačev
author: R. Radkov, Televizionen teatr, Sofia, 1972, d. Atanas Michajlov
author:E. Radzinskiy, Dramatičen teatr Ivan Dimov, Haskovo, 1972, d. Nikolaj Georgiev
author: M. de Ghelderode, Statens Teaterskole, 1975, d. H. Rosenquist
Scenarist of the exhibition: Tove Ahlbäck, Maija Rotko
The first theatre to play in the Finnish language was founded in the seventies of the last century and served as one of the signals of the new awakening of national consciousness. Until the beginning of the twentieth century this theatre constantly traveled throught the country. It was thus a truly national theatre, both in name and by its impact.
Finland never has its own court theatre and thus its whole theatre tradition was born from the national and working class movements and from various youth organisations. Out of these amature societies, which included actors, stage designers and directors, the first professional theatres arose. During the period of their greatest flourishing, there were more then 2 000 amature theatrical societies of workers and of youth.
During the twenties of the present century German and Swedish theatrical terms came to be used, in spite of the fact that the nature of the productions was purely Finnish.
In the forties stage productions were strongly influenced by world renowned Finnish industrial designs, which led to the introduction of new forms and materials also into stage designing. The systematic education of stage designers began in the fifties, at the Finnish Drama School; later the curriculum at the School of Applied Arts in Helsinki was made more specialized in this respect by Pekka Heiskanen. His most important aim was to bring school education closer to the practical activities of professional theatres.
During the sixties Finnish stage design underwent great development. The majority of the stage designers of this period are still active. There are approximately 50 stage designers active in Finland today. Roughly half of them work in old buildings of former youth clubs, etc, while the other half work in either old or new, modern theatre buildings. With the construction of the Small Scene of the National Theatre in Helsinki a whole series of constructions of new theatre buildings was begun; the most recent addition to this series is the Municipal Theatre in Rovaniemi.
The following brief characteristics represent the opinions of some of the best known Finnish stage designers.
Leo Lehto's work is characterized by his fantasy and imagination. He was at the National Theatre in Helsinki; in 1966 he came to the Municipal Theatre of Helsinki, where he designed excellent stage sets for comedies, productions for children and for operettas. His stage sets for Shakespeare's comedies and for fairy tales were especially successful.
Rolf Stegars, a student of Matti Warén, is dedicated to experiments in stage design. His design for the stage sets to Strindberg's Dream Play was considered to be avant-guarde, as well as his stage designs for Moliere's, Shakespeare's and Sheridan's plays, which were very pure from the point of view of space and the materials used.
Pekka Heiskanen studied at the School of Applied Arts. He has introduced new scenic materials and places special stress on the formation of space and three dimensional objects on the stage. A typical aspect of his work are sets with only several details, which are, however, elaborated with precision; they have also appeared in the work of numerous young artists. Of his work, the stage designs for Buchner's Leonce und Lena and Danton's Death deserve special mention.
Seppo Nurmimaa works mostly for the National Opera, but often also collaborates with a number of other Finnish, as well as Scandinavian theatres and with television. His stage sets are characterized by a richness of forms and a very finely elaborated stage design, to which he almost always adds costume studies. As guest stage designer he designed the sets for Musseťs Lorenzaccio at the National Theatre in Helsinki.
The work of Eero Kankkunen is characterized by the rich variety in which he uses wood, both in the natural and processed form. His stage sets made of wood for Pakkal's play Timber Floating were a major contribution to the -success of the play.
Veikko Mäkinen works with the Theatre in Tampere,where a number of musicals and operettas are on the program. His first success were the stage designs for West Side Story. He has also collaborated with a number of other theatres throughout the country.
Yrjö Tapper is one of the brothers, who have made an important contribution to Finnish culture and art. He most recent work of importance are the stage designs for o'Casey's Purple Dust.
Kaj Puumalainen is at the Municipal Theatre in Turku, which is characterized by its great activity and iniciative. He endeavours above all to capture the fundamental idea and significance of a play, so that on its basis he can choose the most relevant mode of expression and economic means of scenic design. The results of this creative method are especially evident in the stage sets for Chekhov's The Three Sisters and Kivi's The Seven Brothers.
Juha Lukala, in spite of his youth, is known as a highly talented professional and is especially sought by those theatres, which plan difficult and complex productions. He works, among others, for the Municipal Theatre in Turku, where he designed simple and very beautiful stage sets to such plays as Shakespeare's King Lear and B. Brechťs Galileo.
In the Finnish theatres there are not more than ten costume designers active. The main reason for this low number is that this branch is quite new and many of the stage designers act as costume designers, too. In spite of the smallness of the group, the designs are of a high international order.
The exhibitors and their work will show clearly the meaning an intention of what we may call typical Finnish stage design.
From the progressive line of development of Finnish art, which began at the beginning of the sixties, a new theatre art has also arisen, whose success is clearly reflected in contemporary stage productions. Finnish theatres of the present can be divided into two groups: traditional repertory theatres and democratically administered, professional travelling theatres, which tour the country, often performing in places, where theatre performances had never previously taken place. The activites of these uniquely travelling theatres represent an alternative to the traditional existting understanding of the theatre and thus also to tried and accepted staging methods. As a result, some of the repertory theatres háve been able to learn from the travelling theatres, thereby achieving a new approach to dramatic art.
From the point of view of stage and costume designers,theatres can be divided into various groups according to a different criterion: those that accent aesthetic aspects and thus place form before content and those that consider the message of the play to be most important and thus stress content, while considering form to be only the result of content.
This is a question of great importance, because by putting content before form, the old theatre hierarchy has been upset. Stage directors, designers and the technical staff have come to realize that they are all trying to achieve a common aim, that they are devoted to the same purpose; this has accentuated the need for cooperation between different professions within the theatre. This in turn has led to a new assessment of theatre education in our country and to the formation of post graduate study programmes, with specialized curriculums for actors, directors, stage designers and technical staff. The creation of a theatrical performance requires the cooperation of all concerned.
Tuomarila-KaukovaltaKustaa Turun Kaupunginteatteri, Helsinki, 1974, d. Kari Suvalo
author: M. Gorkij, Tampereen Työväenteatteri, Tampere, 1975, director: Lasse Pöysti
author: A. Bondestram - B. Ahlfors, Svenska Teatern, Helsinki, 1975, d. Bengt Ahlfors
author: R. Schildt, Svenska Teatern, Helsinki, 1975, d. Eugen Terttula
author: Moliere, Svenska Teatern 1974, d. Pierre Lafevre
author: B. Ahlfors, Svenska Teatern, Helsinki, 1974, . Bengt Ahlfors
author: J. Kokkonen, Suomen Kansallisooppera Helsinki 1975, d. S. Puurunen
author: Moliere, Suomen Kansallisteatteri, Helsinki, 1973, director: Esko Elstelä
author: P. Green, Suomen Kansallisteatteri, Helsinki, 1975, director: Vili Auvinen
author: J. Offenbach-P. Hacks, Turun Kaupunginteatteri, Turku, 1972, director: Kalle Holmberg, , c. T. Ahlbäck
author: J. Saunders, Tampereen Työväenteatteri, Tampere, 1975, d. Mikko Majanlahti
author: W. Shakespeare, Turun Kaupunginteatteri, Turku, 1972, . Kalle Holmberg
author: B. Brecht, Turun Kaupunginteatteri, Turku, 1974, d. Ralf Langbacka
author: J. Linnankoski, Helsingin Kaupunginteatteri, Helsinki, 1974, d. Sakari Puurunen
author: A. N. Ostrovskij, Helsingin Kaupunginteatteri 1973, d. E. Terttula
author: L. Linna-R. Langbacka, Närpes Teater 1974, d. Ralf Längbacka
author: A. de Musset, Suomen Kansallisteatteri, Helsinki, 1974, director: Esko Elstelä
author: G. Rossini, Suomen Kansallisooppera, Helsinki, 1973, . Gerhard Weizel
author: M. Mussorgsky, Suomen Kansallisooppera, Helsinki, 1974, d. Gerhard Weizel
author: G. Verdi, Suomen Kansallisooppera, Helsinki, 1974, director: Lars Runsten
author: S. Prokofjev, Suomen Kansallisooppera, Helsinki, 1971, director: Lars Runsten
author: W. Shakespeare, Suomen Kansallisooppera, Helsinki, 1972, director: Sakari Puurunen
author: M. Canth, Jyväskylän Kaupungin Teatteri, Jyväskylä, 1974, . Jotaruka Pennanen
author: Halonen-Kajava, Helsingin Kaupunginteatteri Helsinki 1975, d. Halonen-Kajava
author: J. Kokkonen, Suomen Kansalisooppera, Helsinki, 1975, d. S. Puurunen
author: Heinrich von Kleist, Tampereen Työväenteatteri, Tampere, 1974, director: Lisbeth Landefort
author: E. Köhler, Penniteatteri, 1975, . Heikki Mäkelä
author: A. P. Chekhov, Turun Kaupungunteatteri, Turku, 1974, d. Ralf Langbacka
author: B. Brecht, Turun Kaupungunteatteri, Turku, 1975, d. Ralf Langbacka
author: Modest Petrovič Musorgskij, Savonlinnan Ooppera, Savonlinna, 1974, director: Jack Witikka
author: B. Britten, Suomen Kansallisooppera, Helsinki, 1968, director: Jack Witikka
author: Ruggero Leoncavallo, Suomen Kansallisoopera, Helsinki, 1969, director: Jack Witikka
author: S. ProkofievSuomen Kansallisooppera, Helsinki, 1969, . Jack Witikka
author: E. Leino, I. Kianto, Aku Kimmo Ripatti ad., Kajaanin Kaupungin Teatteri, Kajaani, 1975, . Kaija Viinikainen
author: K. Nironen-L. Schönberg, Tilateatteri 1973, group work
author: J. W. Goethe, Tikapuuteatteri 1974, d. Laura Jäntti
author: A. Larreta, Turun Kaupungin Teatteri 1975, . Aulis Ruosteporo
author: H. Tapper, Tampereen Teatteri 1974, . Ossi Räikkä, c. Veikko Mäkinen
Scenarist of the exposition: Commission scenographique du centre francais du theatre.
The French exposition at the Prague Quadrennial 1975 is organised by the French Theatre Center /I.I.T./, under the auspices of the French Association for Artistic Activities and in cooperation with the National Syndicate of Stage Lesigners and the French National Center of the International Organisation of Stage Designers and Stage Technicians /O.I.S.T.T./. It presents samples of stage designs and projects of cultural buildings on the whole territory of France, with special accent upon the region of Rhone-Alpes. It provides information concerning the teaching of stage design and theatrical architecture on both Parisian and out-of-Paris schools of fine or dramatic art. Just as at the PQ 71, so this time, besides the work of experienced stage designers, such as Yannis Kokkos, Jacques Marillier, Jacques Rapp and Christian Griffoul, who is a scenic artist, puppet designér and graduate of the Puppet Faculty of the Academy of Creative Arts in .Prague, we also show the work of several young designers. Alain-Alexis Barsacq, who replaces Bernard Guillaumot in 1967 and Jacques Bosson in 1971 as the architect of the exhibition, also shows his stage designs. The architectural projects and stage designs on exhibit demonstrate that stage designing "in the Italian style" is still very much alive; the reasons can be sought in the fact that this is in accord with the wishes of stage directors or in the fact that theatre halls of this type are still predominant. Nevertheless, thanks to the dynamism of many Municipal Councils and the technical and financial aid of the State Secretariat for Culture, in numerous larger and smaller towns cultural houses of a new type are being built. The theatre is considered to be their dominant function, but even so, when they are constructed in the classical theatrical manner, "in the Italian style", nevertheless in many cases they often have a multi-purpose, flexible hall, or a purely polyvalent space provided with a stage. The construction project usually also includes rehearsal and study rooms, rooms for meetings and educational activities, stockrooms, workshops, discotheques, libraries, exhibition halls, cafeterias, hotel rooms, etc. According to their function and stress they may be called Houses of Culture, Culture and Leisure Centers, Cultural Centers, Houses for Leisure Interests, Houses of Youth and Culture. Stage directors and designers at first have difficulty in adapting to the new structures and especially to multi-purpose halls. On the other hand many others prefer the advantages of free space, which provides them with the possibility of creation in entirely new scenic dimensions.
author: W. Shakespeare, Nice, 1973, director: Launay
author: W. A. Mozart, Opéra Studio, Paris, 1974, director: Guy Coutance, Louis Erlo
author: F. M. Dostojevskij - A. Barsacq - H. Monloup, Theatre de l'Atelier 1972, . André Barsacq
author: E. O'Neill, Theatre de l'Atelier 1973, . Georges Wilson
author: Jules Massenet, Théatre Municipal de Troyes, Troyes, 1976, director: Rodolf Deshayes
author: Homér, Lucay-le-Male, 1972, . J. C. Baudoin
author: M. Normand, Valencay, Valencay, d. J. C. Baudoin
author: M. Normand, Lucay-le-Male, . J. C. Baudoin
author: J. Offenbach, Theatre Municipal Angers, Angers, 1975, d. Catherine Simon-Bacchi
author: P. Dac, Theatre de l'Ile de France, Clichy, 1975, d. Jacques Sarthou
author: T. Aubin, Opéra de Lille, Lille, 1974, d. Edgar Duvivier
author: Moliére, Comédie Francaise, Paris, 1975, director: Catherine Hiegel, J. L. Boutet
author: Pierre Corneille, Théatre de la Ville, Paris, 1972, d. Denis Llorca
author: Tony Aubin, Opéra de Lille, Lille, 1974, director: Duvivier
author: M. de Ghelderode, F. Lambre, Festival d'Avignon, Avignon, 1973, director: F. Lambre
author: Doctor Olaf, Centre culturel canadien 1975, . T. Sokolovski
author: J. W. Goethe, Theatre des Quartiers Ivry 1972, . Antoine Vitez
author: B. Brecht, Comédie Francaise, Paris, 1975, director: J. P. Miquel
author: René Kaliski, Théatre des Quartiers d'Ivry, Paris, 1974, director: Antoine Vitez
author: T. Dorst, Maison de la Culture Amiens 1975, d. Dominique Quehec
author: Ch. Dickens, Gripari, Centre Culturel Chelles 1974, . M. Franceschi
author: V. Lanoux, Theatre des Mathurins 1974, . V. Lanoux
author: J. Cocteau - G. Auric, Teatro Massimo, Palermo, 1973, director: Ugo dell Ara
author: C. Goldoni, Festival du Marais Hotel d'Aumont, Paris, 1975, director: D. Ceccaldi
author: Ph. Genty - J. P. Dutour, O.R.T.F. 1972, d. Ph. Genty
author: Ph. Genty, L'Olympia, Paris, 1973, . Ph. Genty
author: Ph. Genty, O.R.T.F., 1974, . Ph. Genty
author: Ph. Genty, Theatre de la Plaine, Paris, 1974, . Ph. Genty
author: F. Llounc, Theatre de la Plaine, Paris, 1975, director: Ch. Griffoul
author: A. Charras - Ch. Griffoul, Theatre de la Plaine, Paris, 1974, 1975, d. F. Llounc
author: F. Llounc, Parc Floral, 1975, d. Cn. Griffoul
author: Pierre Beaumarchais, Théatre Charles Onllin, Chambéry, 1975
author: D. Houdart, Tournée en France, 1971, director: D. Houdart
author: Moliere, Boston 1974, d. Verler
author: W. Shakespeare, Avignon TEP 1975, . Wilson
author: B. Brecht, Theatre des Quartiers, Ivry, 1973, d. Antoine Vitez
author: B. Brecht, Theatre de la Ville, Paris, 1974, director: Jean Mercure
author: J. M. Ribes, Theatre de la Ville, Paris, 1974, director: Jean M. Ribes
author: J. C. Grumberg, Theatre de l'Odéon, Paris, 1975, director: Jean P. Vincent
author: G. Kouroupos, Y. Kokkos, J. M. Ribes, 29e Festival Avignon, Avignon, 1975, d. Jean Michel Ribes
author: Collective work, Vaison-La-Romaine 1968, d. Emil Noël
Paris-Rome 1969, d. Karin Waener
author: E. Noel, Paris-Londres 1970, d. F. and D. Dupuy
author: Collective work, Vaison-La-Romaine, 1971, director: Emil Noël
Collective work, Vaison-La-Romaine, 1972, director: Emil Noël
author: D. Betourné, D. Borg, Festival de Marais, Paris, 1975, director: D. Betourné
author: F. Wedekind, Odéon conservatoire 1974, . Pierre Romans
author: G. Aperghis, Cloitre des Carmes Avignon, Avignon, 1973, director: Anne Delbée
author: Ph. Adrien, Théatre des Amandiers, Nanterre, 1974, director: Philippe Adrien
author: P. Adrien, Festival Eropalia - Bruyelles, Brussels, 1975, director: P. Adrien
author: C. Monteverdi, Opéra Lyon, Lyon, 1973, director: Benhaim
author: C. Monteverdi, Opéra-Studio Paris, Paris, 1975, director: Coutance
author: Moliére, Comédie Francaise, Paris, 1971, d. J. C. Cochet
author: J. Giraudoux, Athénée, Paris, 1975, director: G. Vergez
author: F. A. Boieldieu, Théatre des Arts de Rouen, Rouen, 1975, director: Juliano
author: R. de Obaldia, Atelier, Paris, 1974, director: P. Franck
author: A. de Musset, Comédie Francaise, Paris, 1973, director: J. C. Cochet
author: G. Puccini, Opéra de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, 1974, director: Gérard Boireau
author: Moliere, T.N.P. , Villeurbanne, director: Roger Planchon
author: J. Racine, Comédie Francaise, Paris, 1974, director: Jacques Destoop
author: F. Marceau, Atelier, Paris, 1974, director: Pierre Franck
author: C. Fuente, Espace Caruin Paris, d. J. Lavelli
author: Collective work, Les Amandiers á Nanterre, Nanterre, 1975, d. Michel Raffaelli
author: B. Martinů, Opéra de Lyon, Lyon, 1973, d. Louis Erlo, Jean Aster
author: L. Janáček, Opéra de Lyon, Lyon, 1974, d. Ernst Poettgen
author: W. A. Mozart, Opéra de Lyon 1975, d. Jean Aster, Théodore Gunschlbauer
author: D. Diderot, Opéra de Lyon 1974, . Edmond Tamiz
author: R. Stoffel, Centre Culturel de Sceaux 1975, . R. Stoffel
author: R. Stoffel, Festival d'Avignon 1973, d. R. Stoffel
author: C. Debussy, OFF, . R. Stoffel
author: G. Verdi, OFF, d. R. Stoffel
author: M. de Ghelderode, Studio 347, Paris, 1974, director: André Gazalas
author: Schubert-Müller, director: Alain Recoing
The activities of the Scarab studio are characterized by endeavours to achieve creative cooperation between the plastic arts and other dramatic means of expression, such as music, movement, the spoken word and films. Scarab attempts to create a total theatre. The artists in the studio work in the following manner: two of them develop a given range of ideas and determine several points of departure for their realization. From this moment onward, collaboration with the other artists begins and these include figurative painters, poets and musicians. This stage of preparations still offers so many possibilities, that each artist can fully develop his own approach within the framework of the production as a whole. The aim of such a method, where the point of departure is some main theme, is to achieve a whole series of impressive interpretations, each of which is, to a certain degree, quite independent. The central theme is interpreted in a number of way through images and movement. The result is a collage of live images, where the actors, the stage sets, the text and sound effects are all brought together by a single rhythm, which is provided by available technical facilities, such as mechanical mobile sets and floors, light effects and films which form a "structure de fonf". A permanent subject of theatrical production at the Scarab Studio are the values of a consumer society, which seeks and absorbs everything which is easily accessible and pleasant. At the same time aggression is constantly present - a phenomenon which runs parallel to seeking out accessible and selfish luxury. Sometimes the figurative expression is stressed, while at other times the literary element predominates. All productions aim at maintaining a fragile equilibrium between the numerous modes of expression, which are combined in various ways. The ideal to which the Studio is always dedicated is to maintain a happy harmony among the various elements in a production, the same kind of harmony we find among the woodwinds and brass instruments in a symphony orchestra.
Each production offers the possibility of new interpretations, committed to the reality of the world by which it is surrounded. This interpretation is carried out with the aid of symbols and gestures, which by their alienating effect sometimes provoke hallucinations and at other times a feeling of purification. For these reasons the reality in the Scarab lies between the world as it is and the world as it could be. This is a legitimate point of departure for its creative work.
author: A. Boon, Kurzaal Scheveningen 1974, director: A. Boon, O. Ketting, W. van Amen, P. Blokhuis, G. Colje, H. Hollenbach, Livinus, H. de Moor, J. van Munster, G. Verdijk
autor: A. Boon, N.O.S.T.V., 1973, r. A. Boon
author: A. Boon, J. van As,Studio Scarabee , Haag, 1971, director: A. Boon, van Amen, P. Blokhuis, M. Carlier, G. Coljé, G. Hadeler, H. Hollenbach, Lucebert, J. van Munster, D. Simonis, R. Tuinebreyer, G. Verdijk
author: R. del Valle Inclán,Teatro Stabile di Roma-Maggio Fiorentino, Firenze, 1974, director: Enriquez
author: V. Gassman, Teatro La Pergola, Firenze, 1974, director: V. Gassman
author: S. Witkiewicz, Teatro Belli, Roma, 1975, director: Salines
author: W. A. Mozart, Salzburger Festspiele, Salzburg, 1974, director: G. Strehler
Habitat, Teatro TV Roma, Roma, 1974, d. Giulio Macchi
author: W. Shakespeare, Teatro Comunale di Bolzano, Bolzano, 1972, director: Maurizio Scaparro
author: M. Dreyer, Teatro stabile di Torino, Torino, 1974, director: Aldo Trionfo
author: V. Gassman, Teatro La Pergola, Firenze, 1974, director: Vittorio Gassman
author: Ruzzante, Piccolo Teatro di Milano, Milano, 1970-71, d. De Bosio
author: W. Shakespeare, Teatro Stabile di Torino, Torino, 1974, d. Aldo Trionfo
author: Euripides, Burgtheater Wien 1973, d. Luca Ronconi
Scenarist of the exhibition: Shizuko Sato Katatani
Japanese stage design can be roughly divided into two lines of development. The first of these, belongs to the traditional Japanese Kabuki drama, which has been handed down from generation to generation. Its beginnings are to be found around the year 1620. Originally, Kabuki plays were presented on a three-sided stage, not too different from the Elizabethan stage of Shakespeare s time. During the XVIIIth and XIXth century the uniform, standard Kabuki stage was completed by incorporating a scene switching device and unique background paintings, which have been handed down to the present time. The setting is based on a rectangular proscenium framework, while the background reminds us of typical Japanese scroll painting.
The second line of development represents modern dramatic and stage designing art, which came to Japan from Europe at the beginning of the XXth century. Such stage sets greatly differ from the stage design of traditional Japanese drama, which has remained untouched by foreign influences. The seventy years which have elapsed since the first presentation of European drama on the Japanese stage can be divided into two distinct periods. The early period between 190O and 1940 was characterized by attempts to imitate European theatrical art. The first Japanese stage sets were designed in 1903 for Orpheus and Euridice and for Othello. In l920 the small Tsukiji Theatre was built, with a Kuppel Horizont. Its beginnings were characterized by various experiments with various styles of direction and stage designing, from the realism of the Moscow Art Theatre, through expressionism according to Max Reinhardt, up to Meyerhold’s constructivism. At the end of the thirties a number of European opera and ballet companies were on toure in Japan. However, the World War II put a forcible end to this period; it had a very strong impact also on the theatre. Only at the end of World War II was a renewal of theatre activity possible. 1945 marks the beginning of the second period, which differs from the first in a basic manner by the increased number of stage forms. Besides drama, also opera, ballet, musical drama, dance, etc. appeared. It should be noted that in spite of the fact that European classical and avant-guarde plays were presented in rapid succession, at the same time a number of new Japanese plays were produced, which drew their material from local customs, habits and legends.
While it is true that the theatre in Japan at present is very active, insufficient government financial support represents a constant threat to the very existence of the majority of theatres, with the exception of those which are purely commercial. For these economic reasons it has, in recent years, become almost impossible for smaller companies to encompass a more broad program of plays. As far as stage designing is concerned, contemporary endeavours have abandoned attempts to form richly decorative or realistic scenery; symbolic objects are making their appearance, making use of projections or simple compositions based on the possibilities provided by new materials. The most recent trend, which places special stress on the costume and properties, is not only dictated by economic pressures, but is above all testimony of the manner in which contemporary demands of drama have been met. Stage designing is undergoing constant development and thus stage designers are forced to seek new methods of expression, to use new materials, equipment and mechanisms.
The greatest activity in Japanese theatre at present is to be
found in the Kabuki type presentations, which have a very long and
successful tradition. Besides these, also modern Japanese theatres
have been successful in producing national, as well as foreign
works, both in a traditional and in a modern interpretation.
The productions of commercial theatres are usually played for se-
veral months. For this reason all those working in the theatre,
including stage designers, must deal with a huge amount of work to
assure a new firat night approximately every month. The entries submitted by JASTA /The Japanese Association of Stage and Television Artists/ clearly document the situation existing in Japanese stage design.
K. Kusiraachi: A stage designer, who developed his artistic qualities in the Kabuki world. His designs demonstrate a pure, traditional style.
O.Oda: His design for a play written by a contemporary playwright
on a classical theme, reminds us of the beauty of characteristic Japanese painting.
H. Nakajima: By mastering various artistic techniques he combines
traditional styles with the new demands made upon a theatre performance.
K. Maki: Has submitted costume designs for Shakespeare's plays,
which are very popular in Japan and are produced in various styles.
T. Ichijo and R. Matsushita: Stage designers for new drama groups
/Shingeki/,which play modem drama in various parts of the country.
Both have also designed sets for television productions.
S. Asakura, K. Kanamori, I. Takada: The most talented trio of the
AKT group. Their stage designs, which are innovative especially as
far as space is concerned, are for drama, opera, and musicals.
S. Kawamori: Is a costume designer collaborating with the Actors'
Theatre /Haiyu-za/, for which he has designed and made stage
costumes.
K. Senoh: Is a opera stage designer, who often works for television. He is the victor of a competition for the best stage design for a television musical.
T. Magofuku: Is a stage designer who has been successfully collaborating with a small comedy theatre.
G. Sakamoto, K. Nishimura, S. Itasaka, S. Uchiyama: This group has
don stage designs for theatres in the Osaka and Nagoya districts,
where the characters and plot are based on local characteristics.
author: W. Shakespeare, Nissei Theatre, Tokyo, 1975, director: Yukio Ninagawa
author: Tsutomu Minakami, Toyoko Theatre, 1975, . Koichi Kimura
author: W. Shakespeare, Nissei Theatre, Tokyo, 1974
author: Seneca, Kinokuniya Hall, Tokyo, 1975
author: J. Renard, Sabo Kaikan, 1971, d. Jukichi Uno
author: J. M. Synge, Kinokuniya Hall, 1972, . Haruhiko Iwata Nobuo Iida
A. MillerSabo Kaikan, 1973, d. Shoji Hayakawa
author: B. Brigno(?), Kinokuniya Hall 1975, . Akira Yamauchi
author: Eijiro Hisaita, Kinokuniya Hall, 1973, . Hiroshi Kawaji
author: Michio Kato, Sabo Kaikan, 1971, . Jukichi Uno Shoji Hayakawa
author: Shigemi Yamamoto, Sabo Kaikan 1971, d. Jukichi Uno Shoji Hayakawa
author: Hiroko Yanagido, Iwanami Hall 1973, d. Hideo Ogawa
author: Yutaka Shoji, Ashiya Runa Hall, 1975, director: Yutaka Shoji
author: Seiji Hoki, Ósaka Sankei Hall, Ósaka, 1974, director: Seiji Hoki
author: Shiro Kataoka, Kyoto Culture Hall ósaka Mainichi Hall 1974, 1975, . Sennojo Shigeyama
author: Kiyoshi Tsuchiya, Ósaka Yubin Hall, Ósaka, 1975, director: Tetsu Komatsu
Bunka Seijutsu Hall, Kyoto, 1974, director: Kaoru Fukisawa
author: Shigetami Enomoto, National Theatre, 1972, d. Keita Asari
author: A. Lloyd Webber, Sun Plaza Hall, Tokyo, 1973, director: Keita Asari
author: G. Puccini, Ósaka Koseinenkin Hall, Ósaka, 1974, director: Reiji Mitani
author: W. Shakespeare, Nissei Theatre, 1974, d. Haruhiko Miyajima
author: E. Rostand, Nissei Theatre 1975, . Keita Asari
author: G. Verdi, Tokyo Bunka Kaikan 1975, Keisuke Suzuki
autor: W. Shakespeare-G. MacDermot, Nissei Theatre 1975, d. Keita Asari Haruhiko Miyajima
Actor's Theatre Tokyo, Tokyo, 1971
author: M. Gorkij, Toyoko Theatre, Kyoto, 1975, director: Toshikiyo Masumi
author: Chikao Tanaka, Haiyu-za Theatre, Tokyo, 1975, director: Chikao Tanaka
author: Mokuami Kawatake, National Theatre, Tokyo, 1975
author: Hisashi Inoue, Theatre Echo, Tokyo, 1975, director: Kazuo Kumakura
author: Kinei Kurokawa, Togei Gekijo, 1975, d. Kenichiro Yamamoto
author: Minoru Betsuyaku, Theatre Green, 1975, director: Shinichi Segawa
author: W. Shakespeare, Tokyo Imperial Theatre, Tokyo, 1975, director: John David
author: Shunsuke Katsuyama, Haiyu-za Theatre 1973, d. Masami Uriu
autor: Tomoyashi, Toshi Centre Hall 1973, d. Tomoyoshi Murayama
author: Mario Flatti-Haruhiko Iwata, Haiyu-za Theatre 1975, . Shunichi Nakamura
author: Takiji Kobayashi-Hajime Ogaki, Yomiuri Hall 1975, d. Tomoyoshi Murayama
author: U. Betti
Space created to conform to both proscenium and open stage is the result of a study of the difference between the two forms
W. Shakespeare
Functional stage design with an accent on development of the drama and sequence of scenes
author: G. Ragni-J. Rado, Toyoko Theatre 1970, . Gerald Freedman
author: Kazuo Kikuta, Imperial Theatre 1971, . Kazuo Kikuta
author: Tsutomu Minakami, Nissei Theatre, 1972, d. Koichi Kimura
author: Shigetami Enomoto, Imperial Theatre 1973, d. Shigetami Enomoto
author: Shigetami Enomoto, Nissei Theatre 1973, d. Shigetami Enomoto
author: Kinji ObataImperial Theatre, 1974, . Kinji Obata
author: Isamu Onoda, Nissei Theatre, 1974, d. Juro Hayano
author: Kyoka Izumi, Toyoko Theatre, 1974, d. Ichiro Inui
author: Seika Mayama, Kabukiza, 1975, d. Miho Mayama
author: W. Shakespeare, Imperial Theatre, Tokyo, 1975, director: John David
author: Isamu Onoda, Meijiza, 1975, . Norihei Miki
author: Shigetami Enomoto, Tokyo Imperial Theatre 1972, . Shigetami Enomoto
author: Shiro Kataoka, Ósaka Asahiza 1973-1974, d. Naoji Michii
author: R. Leoncavallo, Tokyo Bunka Kaikan, Tokyo, 1975, director: Masayoshi Kuriyama
author: P. I. Tchaikovsky,
a proposal for a stage design to present ballet on circular stage
author: W. Shakespeare, Ósaka Sankei Hall 1971, d. Tosahikiyo Masumi
author: T. Dekker, Shinjuku Koseinenkin Hall 1971, d. Koichi Kimura
author: Prosper Mérimée-Kazuo Kikuta, Nissei Theatre 1972, . Seisaku Kamagawa
author: W. Shakespeare, Toyoko Theatre 1974, d. Toshikiyo Masumi
author: Minoru Nishizawa, Aichi Prefecture Bunka Kaikan, Tokyo, 1972, director: Kazuya Shimada
author: Kiichi Ohhashi, Aichi Prefecture Bunka Kaikan, Tokyo, 1974, director: Hajime Ura
author: L. Bernstein, Nagoya Shimin Kaikan Large Hall, 1975, d. Norio Kubo Kan Horiuchi
author: Sumako Fukao - Yasuko Nakajima, Nagoya Shimin Kaikan Medium Hall, Nagoya, 1975, director: Yosei Yamaji - choreographer
author: Shunsuke Katsuyama, Haiyu-za Theatre, Tokyo, 1973, director: Masami Uriu
author: Tomoyashi Murayama, Toshi Centre Hall, Tokyo, 1973, director: Tomoyashi Murayama
author: Mario Flatti - Haruhiko Iwata, Haiyu-za Theatre, Tokyo, 1975, director: Shunichi Nakamura
Takiji Kobayashi - Hajime Ogaki, Yomiuri Hall, 1975
author: B. Brecht, Coccolemocco, Zagreb, 1974, director: Branko Brezovac
author: Aristofanes, Ljubljana MGS, Ljubljana, director: Miran Herzog
author: C. Goldoni, Slovensko narodno gledališče Ljubljana 1973, . Paolo Magelli
author: B. Stavis, Narodno pozorište Leskovac, Leskovac, 1974
author: W. Shakespeare, Narodno pozorište Niš, Niš, 1974, director: Ivica Kunčevic
author: P. Zindel, Narodno pozorište Niš, Niš, 1973, director: R. Radojkovic
author: W. Gombrowicz, Slovensko Ljudsko gledališče, Celje, 1973, . Dušan Jovanovic
author: G. F. Gyula, Narodno pozorište Subotica, Subotica, 1974, director: Mihály Virág
author: A. Harris, Mladinsko gledališče Ljubljana 1973, director: Mile Korun
author: Ž. Čingo, B. Stavrev, Makedonski narodni teater Skopje, Skopje, 1973, director: B. Stavrev
author: D. Jovanović, Lutkovno gledališče Ljubljana 1974, d. Zvone Sedlbauer
author: I. G. Kovačić, N. Hercigonja, Srpsko narodno pozorište Novi sad, Novi sad, 1975, director: Dejan Miladinović
author: W. Shakespeare, Narodno pozorište Beograd, Beograd, 1975, director: Arsa Jovanović
author: Ž. Komanin, Narodno pozorište Beogard, Beograd, 1973, director: Gradimir Mirković
author: F. M. Dostojevskij, Atelje 212 Beograd 1974, . Predrag Bajčetić
author: V. Lukić, Zaječarsko Borsko pozorište, 1972, d. Duško Rodić
author: F. J. Haydn, Narodno kazalište Ivan Zajc Rijeka 1973, d. Dinko Svoboda
author: G. Verdi, Narodno pozorište Beograd 1972, . Mladen Sabljić
author: W. Shakespeare, Narodno pozorište Beograd, Beograd, 1975, r. Arsa Jovanović
author: Gy. Hay, Népszínház Subotica, Subotica, 1970
author: L. Pirandello, Narodno pozorište Beograd 1974, . Paolo Magelli
author: S. Pešić - M. Belović, Zaječarsko-Borsko pozorište 1972, d. Milan Bogosavljević
author: A. S. Puškin, Teatar Poezije Beograd, Beograd, 1974, director: Stevo Žigon
author: F. J. Haydn, Narodno kazalište Ivan Zajc, Rijeka, 1973, director: Dinko Svoboda
author: G. Verdi, Narodno kazalište Ivan Zajc , Rijeka, 1974, director: Mladen Sabljić
author: P. Mančev, Malo pozoriště Beograd, Beograd, 1975, director: Branislav Kravljanac
author: M. Pavić, Srpsko narodno pozorište, Novi Sad, 1974, director: Dejan Mijač
author: H. Müller, Teatar ITD Zagreb 1974, d. Petar Veček
author: W. Shakespeare, Hrvatsko narodno kazalište, Zagreb, 1973, director: Tomislav Radić
author: F. Lhotka, Hrvatsko narodno kazalište, Split, 1972, director: Franjo Horvat
author: P. de Marivaux, Narodno pozorište Sarajevo 1974, d. Kaća Dorić
author: F. Rudolf, Slovensko ljudsko gledališče, Celje, 1974, director: Dušan Mlakar
author: N. Door
author: C. Rengifo, Teatro y Danza Havana, Havana
author: D. Gómez
author: G. de Cascorro
author: G. Roig, Teatro y danca Havana, Havana
author: G. Roig, Národní opera Havana, Havana
author: B. Brecht
author: M. Pure
author: F. Morales
author: H. Sauget
author: I. Galves
author: P. I. Tchaikovsky
author: G. Herrera, Balet Gannagüea
author: J. S. Bach
author: R. Marcías
author: Calderón de la Barca
author: nonym
author: Anonym
author: Lauandeyera
author: N. V. Gogol
author: Estorino
author: J. Liaces, Teatro y danza havana, Havana
author: F. Sae, Teatro Nationel y Danza Havana, Havana
author: L. Brower
author: F. Rodill
author: Maróti, Nemzeti Színház, budapest, 1972, director: Endre Marton
author: Gyula Illyés, Nemzeti Színhás, Budapest, 1972, director: Endre Marton, Ilona Vadász
author: Friedrich Schiller, Kecskemét, 1974
author: Moliere, Vigszínház, Budapest, 1973, director: László Marton
author: Antonio Buero Vallejo, Vigszínház, Budapest, 1974
author: T. Déry, Nemzeti Színház Szeged 1974, . Mátyás Giricz
author: M. Krleža, Nemzeti Színház, Szeged, 1974, director: Mátyás Giricz
author: M. Gorkij, Nemzeti Színház , Pécs, 1974, director: Róbert ógrádi
author: F. García Lorca, Vigszínház, Budapest, 1971, director: Deszö Kapás
author: S. Alejchem - J. Stein - J. Bock, Fövárosi Operettszínház 1973, . László Vámos
author: István Eörsi, Vigszináz , Budapest, 1973
author: H. von Kleist, Katona József Színház, Kecskemét, 1974, director: István Szöke
author: A. V. Suchovo-Kobylin, Huszonötödik Színház, 1975, d. István Szöke
author: J. C. van Itallie, Állami Bábszínház 1972, d. Kató Szönyi
author: Dezsö Szilágyi, Állami Bábszínház 1975, . Kató Szönyi